Materials Performance

OCT 2016

Materials Performance is the world's most widely circulated magazine dedicated to corrosion prevention and control. MP provides information about the latest corrosion control technologies and practical applications for every industry and environment.

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41 NACE INTERNATIONAL: VOL. 55, NO. 10 MATERIALS PERFORMANCE OCTOBER 2016 S Analysis of materials flow through so- ciety reveals that infrastructure con- struction is one of the most significant contributors to global materials con- sumption, as well as other sustainabil- ity impacts such as energy and water consumption and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) generation. Furthermore, due to degradation, these lifecycle costs may recur within one to two genera- tions. Effective corrosion control through understanding the degrada- tion of reinforced concrete, optimizing concrete composition, and imple- menting corrosion protection can ex- tend the lifetime of existing structures and decrease net CO 2 emissions. Sustainability broadly includes the net S y Sustainability broadly includes the net S broadly includes the net social, environmental, and economic con- S cial, social, environmental, and economic con- S environmental, social, environmental, and economic con- S and economic con- sequences of the activities conducted in a S quences sequences of the activities conducted in a S of the activities conducted in a busin ess or so ciety. In par ticul ar, th e S ss busin ess or so ciety. In par ticul ar, th e S or so ciety. In par ticul ar, th e Brun Brundtland Commission (World Commis- S Commission Brundtland Commission (World Commis- S (World Commis- sion on E sion on Environment and Development) S nment and Development) defines defines sustainable development as "meet- S su defines sustainable development as "meet- S able defines sustainable development as "meet- S development as "meet- ing the needs of the current generation S th ing the needs of the current generation S s ing the needs of the current generation S of the current generation wh while preserving the ability for future gen- S p while preserving the ability for future gen- S eserving while preserving the ability for future gen- S the ability for future gen- erations to meet their own needs." 1 When considering materials sustainability, the focus should be on the production of inter- generational capacity to sustainably man- age materials obtained from sources that are renewable (in the case of biomass) and nonrenewable (in the case of materials derived from ores and fossil fuels). In addi- tion to analyzing the mining and produc- tion pathways, materials sustainability also addresses th e transformation of those materials into products and their circula- tion throughout society via routes such as product reuse and second-life, recycling, waste incineration, or landfill. Generally, the rate at which the net demand for mate- rials is met by a society per annum, dM s /dt, can be expressed in Equation (1): (1) where the production rate from the natu- ral environment is dM N /dt; the waste rate due to corrosion, failure, or obsolescence is dM x /dt; and the positive recycling or reuse rate of these obsolete or failed mate- rials is dM R /dt. The extraction of materi- als, dM N /dt, for the purposes of infrastruc- ture greatly exceed s al l oth er rat es of materials consumption. By reducing the rate at which materials are degraded by corrosion and other failure mechanisms (dM x /dt), the societal demand for materi- als can be met with reduced pressure on finite resources (dM N /dt). Other positive consequences will follow, such as reduced carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions from the production of concrete and reinforcing steel, less water and fuel consumed in pro- duction and extraction, and a decline in environmental, social, and economic im- pacts associated with infrastructure fail- ures. Table 1 presents the materials f low rates for concrete and steel in the United States. 2-3 The net demand greatly exceeds the amount of recycled materials due to Corrosion Management for Sustainable Concrete Infrastructure a ndrea n . s ánc H ez and c H ristop H er d . t aylor, DNV GL Strategic Research & Innovation, Dublin, Ohio CM CORROSION MANAGEMENT

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