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42 APRIL 2017 MATERIALS PERFORMANCE NACE INTERNATIONAL: VOL. 56, NO. 4 COATINGS & LININGS FIGURE 4 Carbonation resistance measurements of treated and untreated concrete. FIGURE 5 SEM images show the surface of the uncoated sample (left) and a silane-coated sample. Scanning Electron Microscopy To further investigate the silane coat- ings, the interface between the concrete and the silane coatings was examined by SEM. As shown in Figure 5, the surface of the c oncret e c ont ain ed c em ent hydration products. The SEM image of the concrete substrate with the silane treatment shows that the silane effectively penetrated the concrete substrate. It can be concluded that the silane coating and the concrete substrate are tightly bonded together and formed a hydrophobic barrier, resulting in t h e d u r a b i l i t y i m p r o v e m e n t o f t h e concrete. Conclusions The effects on chloride diffusion in con- crete specimens with silane coatings was evaluated by water absorption, carbon- ation, and chloride penetration tests. The presence of the silane coatings was found to exert a significant inf luence on the underlying concrete's resistance to water absorption, carbonation, and chloride pen- etration. Due to the hydrophobic barrier formed, concrete with the silane coating exhibited excellent performance w hen compared to the concrete with the acrylic coating. The silane with 150 g/m 2 may be sufficient to create a surface protection on the concrete substrate. Acknowledgments T h i s w o rk w a s su p p o r t e d b y t h e National Natural Science Foundation of China (51409203). The authors express their great appreciation of the funding support by Research and Innovation Initia- tives of WHPU (2015d3) and State Key Lab- oratory of Silicate Materials for Architec- tures (Wuhan University of Technolog y SYSJJ2016-13). References 1 L. Zhichao, W. Hansen, "Ef fectiveness of Concrete Surface Treatment Materials in Re- ducing Chloride-Induced Reinforcement Corrosion," Cement Concrete Comp. 69 (2016): pp. 49-60. 2 M. Fleury, et al., "Intermediate Wettability by Chemical Treatment," J. Petrol . Sci . Eng. 24 (1999): pp. 123-130. 3 P. Scarfato, et al., "Preparation and Evalua- tion of Polymer/Clay Nanocomposite Sur- face Treatments for Concrete Durability Enhancement," Cement Concrete Comp. 34 (2012): pp. 297-305. 4 J. Cairns, C. Melville, "The Effect of Concrete Surface Treatments on Electrical Measure- ments of Corrosion Activity," Constr. Build Mater. 17 (2003): pp. 301-309. 5 A.S. Miguel, O. Cesar, "Carbonation Resis- tance of One Industrial Mortar Used as a Concrete Coating," Build Environ. (2001): pp. 949-953. 6 L. Jie, C. Vipulanandan, "Evaluating a Poly- mer Concrete Coating for Protecting Non- Metallic Underground Facilities from Sulfu- ric Acid Attack," Tunn Undergr. Space Tech nol. 16 (2001): pp. 311-321. 7 P.H. Emmons, A.M. Vaysbund, "Factors Af- fecting the Durability of Concrete Repair : The Contractor's Viewpoint," Constr. Build Mater. 8 (1994): pp. 16-18. 8 H.Y. Moon, D.G. Shin, D.S. Choi, "Evaluation of the Durability of Mortar and Concrete Ap- plied with Inorganic Coating Material and Surface Treatment System," Constr. Build Mater. 21 (2007): pp. 362-369. 9 T. Luping, L. Nilsson, "Rapid Determination of the Chloride Diffusivity in Concrete by Ap- plying an Electrical Field," ACI Mater. J. 89 (1992): pp. 49-53. 10 C. Gong, et al., "Study on Silane Impregna- tion for Protection of High Performance Concrete," Procedia Engineering 27 (2012): pp. 301-307.