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61 NACE INTERNATIONAL: VOL. 56, NO. 4 MATERIALS PERFORMANCE APRIL 2017 O A better appreciation of the various components of typical corrosion costs in the oil and gas industry could fur- ther facilitate their optimization. For example, preventing corrosion fail- ures would eliminate post-failure cor- rosion costs, thus significantly reduc- ing the overall corrosion costs. Simultaneously, due to the congruity between the corrosion management and the corrosion cost optimization concepts, the former could be utilized to positively affect the latter. This ar- ticle explains in detail how this could be done. Optimizing corrosion costs can mark- edly affect the overall integrity manage- ment costs for many oil and gas assets. Cor- rosion costs can be divided into pre-failure and post-failure categories. Preventing cor- rosion failures to the extent possible will eliminate or minimize post-failure corro- sion costs. On the other hand, pre-failure corrosion costs may be further divided into corrosion engineering (CE)-based and non- CE-based costs. The definition offered herein for the concept of corrosion cost optimization ren- ders it almost fully congruous with the cor- rosion management concept. That means proper and timely corrosion management applications can facilitate corrosion failure preemption, while simultaneously optimiz- ing both CE-based and non-CE-based cor- rosion costs. Corrosion Cost Categorization There are many different types of corro- sion-related costs and different ways of si- multaneously classifying or categorizing them. In this approach, the time to failure during an asset's operating phase is used as a chronological reference point for corro- sion cost categorization, as illustrated in Figure 1. Based on this methodology, there are two main types of corrosion costs: pre- failure and post-failure. The pre-failure corrosion costs are fur- ther divided into CE-based and non-CE- based costs, which pertain to the corre- sponding integrity management measures. C E-based costs are divided into three smaller subcategories, as illustrated in Fig- ure 2. Some CE-based costs in these subcat- egories are closely associated with an as- set's design stage (e.g., corrosion allowance and materials selection costs), while others are largely determined during the design stage and materialize during the asset's op- eration stage (e.g., corrosion inhibitor and biocide injection costs). Non-CE based corrosion costs are di- vided into the following four subcategories: • Inspection costs • Corrosion monitoring and f luid- sampling costs • Management costs (e.g., producing or updating strategies, procedures, databases, various documentation, communication, and the corrosion management strategy document) • Failure risk assessment (FRA) activi- ties costs Corrosion Management and Cost Optimization A L i m ors H ed, London, United Kingdom CM CORROSION MANAGEMENT